–5:00 p. While closely related to other dashes—like the en dash (–) and hyphen (-)—the em dash serves a unique role in typography. Please read pages 70–77 in your text. There are three options: Period. . Em Dashes Besides being my favorite piece of punctuation, an em dash (—) is used to indicate a break in thought or sentence structure, to introduce a phrase added for emphasis, definition, or explanation, or to separate two clauses. ] There’s even more explanation: If the break belongs to the surrounding sentence rather than to the quoted material, the em dashes must appear outside the quotation marks. The Oxford Manual of Style once stated, “If you take hyphens seriously, you will surely go mad. Em dashes can be used to. Intuition is important to survival: studies show that instinct can beat analytical thinking in a crisis. Underscore: _. For example: (1) Em dashes can replace colons. 47 Punctuation with em dash. But other style guides might say something else—so, unfortunately, there is no. That said, let’s look at the two dashes and what makes them different. ” The longer em dash (—) is used to separate extra information or mark a break in a sentence. Included marks are the period, comma, semi-colon, colon, question mark, exclamation point, quotation mark, parenthesis, and dash. Signo de interrogación (Question Mark) 7. 3. figure dash – 8211: 2013 – en dash — 8212: 2014 — em dash ― 8213: 2015 : horizontal bar ‖ 8214: 2016 : double vertical line ‗ 8215: 2017 : double low line ‘ 8216: 2018 ‘ left single quotation mark ’ 8217: 2019 ’ right single quotation mark ‚ 8218: 201a ‚ single low-9 quotation mark ‛ 8219: 201b. It is the doppelgänger of the. Fiber is the preferred spelling in American English, and fibre is preferred in all the other main varieties of English. Use a. Nevertheless, you will have to use. Should a question mark be used after an em dash that abruptly ends a sentence? Ask Question Asked 1 year, 4 months ago Modified 4 months ago Viewed 168 times 4 I. Dashes set off loosely related comments and sudden breaks in thought. Press the spacebar. The em dash is perhaps the most versatile punctuation mark. Em Dash (—) Indicate an interruption or an abrupt changeAnywhere formal typography appears, an en dash might pop up. Do not combine the dash with any mark of punctuation other than quotation marks, the question mark, the exclamation mark and occasionally the period. An em dash creates an interruption in a sentence like a semicolon, but with flair (we’re partial). There should be no space between the en dash and the adjacent material. At a fundamental level, an Em dash is used to create a strong break in the structure of a sentence. It’s not interchangeable with other types of dashes. When it comes at the end of a list, put a comma before it if you use the serial comma and don’t if you don’t use the serial comma. The main use of em dashes is to set off extra information in a sentence. (An em dash, or long dash, is used: in pairs, to mark off information or ideas that are not essential to an. This eliminates option B. Or. Proper use of punctuation marks can greatly enhance the readability and effectiveness of written communication. Many people use these two dashes interchangeably. Many authors and publications choose to use a space either side of the dash, and even sometimes an en dash in place of an em dash. Em-dashes in Place of a Semicolon. 92 Em dashes in lists, indexes, and tables;. Punctuation is the tool that allows us to organize our thoughts and make it easier to review and share our ideas. 9. Household appliances such as refrigerators and microwaves are. The 3 types of dashes—hyphens, en dashes, and em dashes—often get mixed up. An em dash is preferred to divide elements within a sentence and pack a punch. 1. One is to connect continuing, inclusive numbers. Both the colon and the em dash introduce new information that explains or builds upon something that precedes it. When interrupters fall midsentence, always use a pair of punctuation marks to surround them. In general it is the same length as an em-dash, and so this is often used instead. 1986–1998Tip. Em Dashes The em dash is the longest line among these marks of punctuation (—). The question mark can be used to indicate editorial uncertainty, either in parentheses or in brackets. The quotation marks indicating Isaac's thoughts emphasize his uncertainty about the future. This usage explains the dialog part of your question. To help indicate this “cut” between the two parts, many poems use punctuation, typically an em dash (—) or an ellipsis ( . Mabel tried, despite her dolefulness—for how could she be otherwise?—to bake her own bread but each loaf that emerged from her oven tasted vaguely of tears. In something called an appositive—a phrase that provides more information—you can use an em dash instead. A dash is used to separate part of a sentence and indicate a break. The em dash is perhaps the most versatile punctuation mark. The punctuation mark should not be confused with dashes (–, —), which are. • Dashes are often used to introduce an. Within moments of our first interaction — over. 857k 235 1581 1959. Alt codes only work on the. If you use it in academic writing, you might look unsure of yourself. Insert em Dash. The em dash is used to represent how the first speaker is being interrupted by the second. — Este libro es mío. Here are the code points for the Unicode dashes that are of the Common script, along with their general categories. I know I could—and probably should—just remove the question mark, having only the em dash for separation, but then that gets rid of that question-like tone I want the reader to have. (stenoscript) When used as punctuation, an en or em dash is doubled, like a long ⹀, to distinguish it from its phonetic use. An em dash or a pair of em dashes may indicate a sudden break in thought or sentence structure or an interruption in dialogue. 87): English learners commonly make the mistake of using em dashes incorrectly. I've found questions asking about an em dash in quoted speech, and punctuation rules for em dashes in quotes, but this question is quite different. The raya is used to clarify something, in a similar way to parentheses. Proofreading marks and symbols Although a significant amount of editing and proofreading is now done using tools such as Microsoft’s track changes feature and Adobe’s commenting tool, you may find yourself faced with traditional proofreading marks and symbols on a printed document someday. The en-dash – so named because (you guessed it) it’s the width of the skinnier letter n – is the shorter of the two. The em-dash emphasizes the conclusion of the sentence, but with less formality than a colon. It is wider than an en dash (–) or a hyphen (-). En Dash vs. The en dash also signifies an abrupt change. It could be written with a semicolon, a colon, or a period (or a. When it displays it in the application, the dash turns into a question mark !?!?!? I then have an Export button, which writes these back to a textfile. 2. 1月—7月 "January to July", which can also be written 1月到7月, with the character 到 in place of the dash). Dashes might look like hyphens, but they aren’t the same. Use a dash instead of a comma when you want to strongly set off an idea. So, if a symbol is to be used, Chicago (at least implicitly) says it should be an em dash without a space. 1. These marks are available in most word processors, though many people simply use single and double quotation marks: 5’ 10”. Mac. g. For example, this sentence just looks plain wrong: Jenny said , “ That’s unbelievable ! ”. –8:30 p. That doesn't change the fact that in 60 years of reading, I've never come across a trust-worthy writer using any dash directly after a comma, nor. First, one is longer: The em dash (—) → which is like two hyphens joined together. A period may precede an em dash if it is part of an abbreviation (see also 14. A hyphen makes compound words. Windows. 1 Answer. And you wouldn't have to do any kind of terminal punctuation, no need for a period or a question mark or an exclamation point. Type a single dash or hyphen. 2 Answers. ” No spaces on either side of the em dash. For example, don’t use a dash to begin the interrupter and a comma. An em dash is longer than the en. Capitalization rules. To insert an interjection in the middle of a sentence, place one em dash on both sides of the interjected phrase. Option C is eliminated because there must be some punctuation for linking. Em dashes can be used to replace pairs of commas and parentheses. On a typewriter, a comma or a period takes the same amount of space as any other letter. Edit: I wrote this sentence just for the question, actually hoping to avoid being bogged down by too much context, but since the first commenter felt it was lacking, I've adjusted the text a little bit. QUESTION MARK U+003F: Po, other Common @ COMMERCIAL AT U+0040: Po, other Common REVERSE SOLIDUS U+005C: Po,. Joined: May 14, 2009. Hyphen. " I know you can replace em dashes with — and n-dashes with – (which should be done on the input side of your database); I don't know what the correct replacement for the smart quotes would be. The en dash is less well known than. The Spanish names for the hyphen, en-dash and em-dash are guión, semiraya o raya menor, and raya, respectively. For instance, you would render a character named Mr. g. Punctuation Em-dash before question mark. Although the en dash and em dash are the most commonly used types of dashes, there is another type of dash called the 3-em dash (the size of three em dashes). Guion Largo o Raya – Em Dash. Hold down the Alt key, press 0 1 5 1 on the numeric pad, and then release the Alt key. They are: the period, question mark, exclamation point, comma, colon, semicolon, dash, hyphen, brackets, braces, parentheses, apostrophe, quotation mark, and ellipsis. you might notice em dashes and commas getting along just fine. An en dash is always used without any space before or after it. SQL*Plus inherits character set from. A parenthesis set off by dashes (or commas) rather than parentheses is still a parenthesis. The shift from em dash to en dash reflects contemporary writing practice and the new focus on digital content. In your example sentence, the question is really only complete at the very end, so the first. To format an em dash in Word, type two hyphens, with no spaces, between the words—the dash will automatically form as you continue typing. However, it depends on the usage and meaning. " A Word, Please: A look at the em dash, the hyphen and their rarely seen cousin, the. “Wait!” she shouted. Comma. However, some style guides, such as the Associated Press. When a colon and a comma. If the second clause starts with who then it will become dependent and therefore won't be preceded by a semicolon. [Emphasis mine. At the end of a sentence. 48 The En Dash, Numerals. An em dash is a punctuation mark used to separate elements within a sentence, typically words or phrases that are too long to be separated by commas or need a dramatic pause during reading. For example, with mo—n for 'more than', the dash is likely to be written at x-height. Learn how to use em dashes in a sentence with these examples and best practices. The word is usually spelled ether in all main varieties of modern English. g. [Emphasis mine. Collingwood as Mr. I've never heard about en dashes being used for em dashes. The em dash performs a versatile function to help separate certain words from the rest of a sentence. A colon is quieter; a dash is more emphatic and dramatic. Enter the Dash. Em dashes are used to set off elements of text with internal punctuation, and en dashes to indicate a numerical range or hyphenate an open compound: The library is organized so that any question—whether technical, reference, or circulation—can be answered by staff. That being said, em dashes should not be used in place of hyphens or colons. Two types of dashes are used in punctuation: the em-dash (—) and the en-dash (–). Yeah, it could be seen as completed, but in that case the em-dash adds a bit of expression that wouldn't be there without it. pages 11–23. Most authorities, including The Chicago. To Indicate Interruption in Dialogue, Use An Em-Dash. Write an em dash. Also, "overuse of the em dash weakens the flow of material" (APA, 2020, p. ”Command for an Em dash on a mac : Shift-Option-Hyphen; Command for an Em dash on Microsoft Word : Alt + Ctrl + (minus) Em dash in HTML : — or — En Dash. The space needed after these punctuation marks is proportioned automatically. An em dash (—) is the longest of the three dashes and can be used to set off a break in the sentence, as well as add emphasis. ” Originally, typewriters had monospaced fonts (skinny letters and fat letters. 🙽. 👉 Em dash Mac: hold down the option + shift + the hyphen keys and viola! 👉 Em dash Word: tap the minus sign twice and continue writing. He worked in his office-cum-dining room. 86 Em dash between noun and pronoun; 6. Here are the two simple steps to type the — using Alt code from your keyboard. Many programs also automatically create an em dash when you type two single hyphens together. For more ALT codes for various signs and symbols, see ALT Codes for Miscellaneous Symbols. DASHES. A hyphen (-) is a punctuation mark that’s used to join words or parts of words. The hyphen is used to connect words, such as in compound adjectives or to divide words at the end of a line. When the dash is used, the change in the thought or sentence structure should be evident and distinct. Interjections can stand alone as minor sentences, punctuated with a period, exclamation point, or question mark. 89), would be to only use an em dash after a period if the period marked an abbreviation: An em dash derives its name from being the approximate width of a capital M. In Unicode, the em dash is U+2014 (decimal 8212). Question mark. There is no difference in meaning between fiber and fibre. An em dash represents a longer pause—a bigger break—than a comma. The ellipsis suggests that Isaac cannot concentrate. 2. Ellipses for omitted material spanning two or more sentences. If it helps, picture the em dash superimposed on the letter “M” and the en dash superimposed on the “N. However, the semicolon, colon, dash, question mark, and exclamation point fall outside of the quotation marks (unless, of course, the quoted material has internal punctuation of its own). The em dash is a more emphatic substitute for the comma, colon, or parentheses and can be used to indicate omitted words. The em dash is the chameleon of punctuation marks. First, there are two kinds of dashes, called en dashes and em dashes. The verdict was unanimous — guilty. For further reasons, why you should use T1 encoding, have a look at this question: Why should I use usepackage[T1]{fontenc}? You should use a. Note: When the second clause expands on or explains the first, the colon is the better mark. An em dash is the width of the letter "m" in the font and type size being used, and should never be used in place of an en dash or hyphen. Follow. It can be used in the middle of a sentence. It thus performs many of the same functions as commas, parentheses, and colons, but with a bit more drama—a “wait for it” tension that tends to lend emphasis to whatever it introduces. The web's most comprehensive guide to American punctuation. Should a question mark be used after an em dash that abruptly ends a sentence? Ask Question Asked 1 year, 2 months ago Modified 2 months ago Viewed 164 times 4 I looked through a number of the site's questions to find an answer to my problem. Em dash —, in Windows, with the number keypad: Alt (hold)+ 0 1 5 1. It is used to break up a longer sentence, usually to insert a phrase into the middle or end of a. I think the real question is whether it's allowed. The em dash, on the other hand, is a colorful punctuation mark — it can be used to make a strong point! The comma is great for describing, listing, and linking clauses, but it is easy for commas. , “fast-paced,” “shake-up,” “four-year-old,” “post-punk. In French, the period is not used after abbreviations of measurement: 25 m (mètres), 12 min (minutes), etc. The San Diego–Las Vegas flight is on time. Most commonly, a dash connects an independent clause with another, with a related thought plus a conjunction like or, but, yet, as, for, and after the second dash. Clark went to the Miami Heat – Boston Celtics game. 🙽. The example I saw comes from a tweet, reproduced here for convenience: "For today in the city of David there has been born for you a Savior—not a divine social justice warrior, not a liberation. If you format it properly—like this—it counts the words on both sides of the dash as just one word. They also establish a relationship between words and ideas. Em-dashes in Place of a Semicolon. The exclamation point and question mark denote strong emotion or a question, respectively. A hyphen (-) is shorter still. For example: The company’s profits have been steadily declining over the past year — a trend that is cause for concern. We met during the 2011 – 2012 school year. There are two alternatives: (1) shitted, which appears about once for every instance of shat; and (2) shit, uninflected in the past tense. 5. An en dash is denoted as (–) Em dashes are longer than hyphens, but shorter than em dashes. To punctuate dialogue correctly, there are a few rules you should know: The correct use of quotation marks. An alternative way of displaying speech is via the em dash. Remember to: Use a colon to emphasize dialogue, show titles and time, or introduce a list. Dashes are used to separate groups of words, not to separate parts of words like a hyphen does. That should explain it. It's a completely different use case. Dashes are used in the following five ways: To show in ranges for numbers or dates (e. 1月—7月 "January to July", which can also be written 1月到7月, with the character 到 in place of the dash). This makes them a useful punctuation mark when we want to convey an argument or rapid back-and-forth dialogue between characters. En & Em Dashes While sometimes used in other styles to indicate a range of time, AP Style does not use en dashes. 4. em-dash — Long hyphen (—) named em-dash because the dash historically is the length of a lowercase m. 1973. In order to type an en dash on a Mac product, you can hold down the ‘Option’ and ‘-‘ keys simultaneously and an en dash ‘–’ should appear. Hyphens and dashes. In MS Word, enable Num Lock and press Ctrl + Minus Key. When using an em dash, it is important to consider the spacing around it. An em dash (—) is used to mark an interruption, as mentioned above (“What the—”), or material set off parenthetically from the main point—like this. How to Create Em Dashes and En Dashes: Em dash (—) Ctrl+Alt+minus (far. Always follow the punctuation rules in formal writing to make your work clearer and more readable. For example, one em in an 18-point typeface equals. . Ron Barrett. Modern Japanese uses the question mark in the same way English speakers do to denote a question, be it typed or handwritten. Pre-electric typewriters normally had only the hyphen-width dash to apply to situations calling for em dashes, so the usual method in U. parentheses. 2. They represent something. If the parentheses include an exclamation or question mark: Our road trip to Florida — we love to drive to see all the sights on the way! — took three days to. Interrupters—like this right here—are words, phrases, or clauses that break the flow of writing. You will only be tested on the rules of the em dash, which is what we’ll cover here. It was first. The en dash is a symbol (–) that is slightly wider than a hyphen (-). An en-dash is also used as a minus sign as in –10°F. When a quotation is presented as a single sentence made up of material from two or more original sentences, ellipses should be used for all omitted segments. —respondió Carlos. 90 Em dashes and line breaks; 6. A colon is a more formal but weaker punctuation mark than an em dash. ) The question mark can be used to indicate editorial uncertainty, either in parentheses or in brackets. In British usage, we use only a single hyphen to. If a sentence ends with quoted material, the period is placed inside the closing quotation mark, even if the period is not part of the original quotation. There are two common types of dashes: en dash and em dash which vary in length. An em dash can be used for the same purpose. Don’t overthink it—let intuition guide you. When you want to highlight the end of your statement without giving it all to a colon, use an em dash. Then, after you press the space bar after the word after the dash, most word processing programs will turn those two little hyphens‐‐into an em dash—like so. Parentheses diminish the importance of a phrase, while dashes enhance it. )This would usually be at the end of a phrase or sentence, which means it will be next to a piece of punctuation. In addition, write the punctuation mark next to your translation. (An em dash, or long dash, is used: in pairs, to mark off information or ideas that are not essential to an. m. The most common rule when using parenthetical phrases is to use the correct punctuation mark: commas, em dash, or a pair of parentheses. Your example is (almost) a perfect illustration. ago • Edited 2 yr. Like parentheses, the em dash can set off nonessential elements; but it does the parentheses one better—it can also set off essential elements. W he n u sed i n pl a ce o f p a rentheses at t he end of a sentence, only a single dash is used. The final, foolproof way to type an em dash in Word is to go to the. Ah, the ol’ 疑問符 (ぎもんふ ) — gimonfu, a. Depending on the context, the em dash can take the place of commas, parentheses, or colons—in each case to slightly different effect. On cell phones running Android’s Gboard or iOS operating systems, press and hold the hyphen on the onscreen keyboard. Who doesn’t like dashes as emphasis techniques? Just consider the. S. En-dash: An en-dash is wider than a hyphen but narrower than an em-dash. Don’t put any spaces before and. And the final em dash before the question mark does nothing but to emphasize the distraction, in my opinion. A single em dash character or a tilde may also be used. Examples: James opened the door and was surprised to see her. en-dash — Midsized hyphen (–) named en-dash because the dash historically is the length of a lowercase m. In sentence case, lowercase most words in a title or heading. The em dash “—” and the en dash “–” are the two most popular dash forms. Dashes. A dash is a punctuation mark that resembles a hyphen, but longer. net web application. The sixth edition recommended an unspaced em dash for these purposes. g. The raya (em-dash) usually indicates separation; for example, it signals interventions of. Enclose the first part of the dialogue in quotation marks but omit the comma. Technically the question mark is a full stop and, like an exclamation point, has its own. APPLICATION. It can function like a comma, parenthesis, or colon. SQL Developer is Java based which does not use NLS_LANG settings but SQL*Plus does, so you have to set NLS_LANG properly. Enclose the first part of the dialogue in quotation marks but omit the comma. It gets its name from its size which is the. True, I could work around this sentence construction entirely, although it would impact the pacing. Sometimes, a character might stutter or stammer over certain words. I agree that it should try to match the size of the missing word. These two types of dashes serve different purposes: The EN dash, the shorter of the two dashes, is used to mark ranges. Hence, 12/5/2010 means December 5, 2010, in American usage. Discussion in 'Word Mechanics' started by Bone2pick, Dec 12, 2022. En dashes are shorter than em dashes, and they indicate a range or connection between numbers or words. They also can be used to focus a reader or highlight tone within a dialog. ” En-dashes are mandatory only for public documents. Example. This technique is best suited for creative or informal writing. The Manual of Style explains the differences between the hyphen and four types of dashes. Question mark! Exclamation point. The 2010–2011 season was our best yet. Depending on the context, the en dash is read as “to” or “through. That may occasionally appear in old writing, where em dashes after commas and semicolons are more common. Accordingly, the em dash, under the right circumstances, serves as an alternative to any of the other marks—the comma, colon, semicolon, and parentheses—as long as it is used sparingly. Em Dash (—) An em dash is one of the three kinds of dashes that functions like a comma, a colon, or parentheses in introducing a clause. Do not put a space before or after the dash. 2. What ‽ When your sentence calls for a question mark and an exclamation mark, the interrobang is the punctuation mark you need. For example, with mo—n for 'more than', the dash is likely to be written at x-height. Our Rule 1 of Spacing with Punctuation states, “With a computer, use only one space following periods, commas, semicolons, colons, exclamation points, question marks, and quotation marks. I believe you can also type a space before typing the quote, then delete the space. Easily find character codes for the HTML # sign, HTML @ symbol (at symbol), HTML percent sign, HTML ampersand (& HTML code), HTML copyright symbol and HTML caret insertion point, along with regular punctuation like the question mark, exclamation point, non-breaking hyphen, non-breaking space and more. That may occasionally appear in old writing, where em dashes after commas and semicolons are more common. Examples. Depending on the context, the em dash can take the place of commas, parentheses, or colons —in each case to slightly different effect. ellipses —Ellipses are three periods that indicate an omission within a quoted sentence or fragment of a sentence. A space is used before and after the en-dash when used in literary copy. Hyphens might look like dashes, but they aren’t dashes. Thus, an em dash in 9-point type is as long as the height of a. 1. When you use AutoCorrect Options, you can also click Stop Automatically Creating Dashes, or click Control AutoCorrect Options to open the AutoCorrect dialog box. Improve this answer. Smart punctuation is an iOS feature that automatically. Question Mark (?) In grammar, a question mark is a familiar punctuation used to end interrogative sentences. Character encoding is a link between the visual representation of a character (like a registration mark or em-dash) and the bytes that store them in memory. (The exclamation point, like the question mark [see 8. "-", the line in notepad will look like this for e. It is shorter than an em-dash and longer than a hyphen. It probably wouldn’t get away with trying to impersonate a question mark or an exclamation point, but it can stand in for. An ellipsis is a punctuation mark consisting of three periods in a row. Resume the dialogue with another opening quotation mark, complete the dialogue, and end with a period and a closing quotation mark. JAWS is the most likely of the screen readers to read these kinds of punctuation marks. ”. They are useful for emotionally-loaded dialogue interruption, because emotions act quickly on the brain. The August–September issue of a magazine. Learn how to use em dashes in a sentence with these examples and best practices. The most flexible and versatile punctuation mark—the Em Dash. […] All water from the streams; dead birds were found In wells a hundred feet below the ground Such was the season when the flower bloomed.